2017硕士研究生英语二Text2
豆豆 2021-08-08 21:17:43 933人已围观
With so much focus on children's use of screens, it's easy for parents to forget about their own screen use. “Tech is designed to really suck on you in,” says Jenny Radesky in her study of digital play, “and digital products are there to promote maximal engagement. It makes it hard to disengage, and leads to a lot of bleed-over into the family routine.”
对于儿童电子设备的使用有太多的关注,家长门容易忘记自己对电子设备的使用。Jenny Radesky在她的关于数字播放的研究中指出:科技就是设计出来吸引你的,并且数字产品促进了极大的参与。这种情况很难挣脱,并且会导致影响到家庭的日常。
suck up:吸收, 吸尽, 吮吸, 吸取 suck in :吸收, 吞没, 欺骗 maximal:adj. 最大的, 最高的 engagement:n. 保证; 约会; 参与; 订婚; 婚约; 受雇, 受聘; 交战, 战斗; 啮合 disengage:v. 松开,解脱,脱离接触 bleed-over:n.渗透,渗开 routine:n. 常规;例程;例行程序 adj. 常规的;例行公事的;日常的
Radesky has studied the use of mobile phones and tablets at mealtimes by giving mother-child pairs a food-testing exercise. She found that mothers who used devices during the exercise started 20 percent fewer verbal and 39 percent fewer nonverbal interactions with their children. During a separate observation, she saw that phones became a source of tension in the family. Parents would be looking at their emails while the children would be making excited bids for their attention.
Radesky通过母子组合进行食物实验活动来研究关于在进餐时间使用移动电话和平板电脑的情况,她发现在实验期间使用电子设备的妈妈20%减少口头与孩子交流,39%的减少非言语的与孩子交流。在单独观察期间,她发现手机会成为家庭关系紧张的根源。在父母盯着他们的电子邮件看的同时孩子们强烈要求父母关注自己。
tablets:n. 片剂, 药片;碑, 匾;便签簿;平板电脑 mealtimes:n. 就餐时间, 进餐时间 pairs:n. 对, 一对, 一双, 分两个相连接部分的物体v. 配对, 交配, 使成对, 配对(以繁殖) food-testing:食品检测 exercise:n. 运动, 练习, 行使, 演习v. 锻炼, 行使, 训练, 运用 verbal:adj. 口头的, 言语的, 词语的, 口头(而非书面)的n. 〈美口〉口供, 非限定动词, 〈罕〉同“verbal noun” nonverbal:adj. 不涉及言语的, 非言语的 interactions:n. 相互交流;相互作用,相互影响 separate:adj. 分开的,各自的,单独的v. 分开,隔开,分居 observation:n. 观察;观测;监视;评论 tension:n. 张力, 拉伸, 矛盾, 紧张局势(或关系、状况)v. 绷紧 excited:adj. 激动的, 兴奋的, 受刺激的, 紧张不安的v. “excite”的过去式和过去分词 bids for:投标 ; 努力争取 ; 企图获得
Infants are wired to look at parents' faces to try to understand their world, and if those faces are blank and unresponsive — as they often are when absorbed in a device — it can be extremely disconcerting for the children. Radesky cites the “still face experiment” devised by developmental psychologist Ed Tronick in the 1970s. In it, a mother is asked to interact with her child in a normal way before putting on a blank expression and not giving them any visual social feedback; The child becomes increasingly distressed as she tries to capture her mother's attention. “Parents don't have to be exquisitely present at all times, but there needs to be a balance and parents need to be responsive and sensitive to a child's verbal or nonverbal expressions of an emotional need,” says Radesky.
婴儿天生就会盯着父母的脸去尝试理解他们的世界,如果这些脸是面无表情并且没有任何反应,就像他们经常全神贯注在电子设备上一样,这会让婴儿感到极度不安。Radesky引用发展心理学家Ed Tronick在20世纪70设计的“静面实验”,在这个实验里面一个妈妈被要求在变得面无表情并且无任何视觉社交反馈之前用正常的方式和孩子交流。当孩子尝试获得他妈妈的注意时变得越来越沮丧。Radesky说道:父母并不需要所有的时间都在场,但是这里需要一个平衡,父母需要对一个孩子情感需求的言语和非言语的表达,敏感并且有所回应。
Infants:n. 婴儿;幼儿adj. 婴儿的;初期的 be wired to do:天生,自然就会; unresponsive:adj. 无反应的, 未答复的, 反应迟钝的 absorbed:adj. 全神贯注的,一心一意的;被吸收的 extremely :adv. 非常, 极其, 极端 disconcerting:adj. 令人不安的,令人尴尬的,令人想不通的 psychologist:n. 心理学家, 心理学研究者 put on:戴上,穿上;披上;抹上;变得 increasingly:adv. 越来越多地, 不断增加地 distressed:adj. 困恼的, 痛苦的, 仿古做旧的, 贫苦的,忧虑,沮丧。v. distress的过去式和过去分词形式 have to be:必定是,不得不 exquisitely:adv. 精致地;精美地 present:adj. 目前的, 现在的; 出席的, 在场的; 存在的v. 颁发, 授予; 赠送; 提出; 呈递; 呈现; 表现; 介绍n. 目前, 现在; 礼物, 礼品 sensitive:adj. 敏感的; 灵敏的; 脆弱的; 易受伤害的; 感光的; 敏锐的; 神经质的; 容易生气的; 善解人意的, 体恤的 emotional:adj. 感情的, 情感的, 情绪的, 激起感情的
On the other hand, Tronick himself is concerned that the worries about kids' use of screens are born out of an oppressive ideology that demands that parents should always be interacting with their children: It's based on a somewhat fantasized, very white, very upper-middle-class ideology that says if you're failing to expose your child to 30,000 words you are neglecting them.” Tronick believes that just because a child isn't learning from the screen doesn't mean there's no value to it—particularly if it gives parents time to have a shower, do housework or simply have a break from their child. Parents, he says, can get a lot out of using their devices to speak to a friend or get some work out of the way. This can make them feel happier, which lets then be more available to their child the rest of the time.
另一方面,Tronick认为关于孩子们使用手机的担忧源自一种压迫性意识形态,这种意识形态要求父母应该经常和自己的孩子互动沟通。这是基于一种幻想,非常百人化,非常中上阶级的意识形态,这种形态认为如果你没有和你的孩子沟通超过30000个单词,你就相当于忽视了他们。Tronick认为只是因为孩子没有从手机屏幕上学习到东西,并不意味着这个对他们没有价值。尤其是它可以让父母从照顾孩子里抽身出来有时间洗个澡,做做家务或者休息一下。父母可以从其中获得很多,使用手机和朋友沟通,或者从这种方式中获得一些工作。这让他们感觉快乐,让他们有跟多可利用的时间去陪他们的孩子。
concerned:adj. 担心的,忧虑的;感兴趣的;关切的,关注的v. 涉及,牵涉;让……担忧(“concern”的过去式和过去分词) be born out of:出生于 ,在…中产生 oppressive:adj. 压迫的, 压制的, 高压的, 闷热的 ideology:n. 意识形态, 思想意识, 思想(体系), 观念形态 demands:n. 要求; 需要; 需求; 所需之物v. 要求, 请求; 需要; 询问, 查问; 强令; 召唤 somewhat:adv. 有点, 稍微, 有几分n. 某些数量, 少许 fantasized:v. 幻想, 想象, 做白日梦 expose:v. 暴露;揭穿;使遭受(危险或不快) neglect:v. 疏忽,忽视,疏于照看n. 疏忽,忽略 particularly:adv. 特别, 尤其 have a shower:洗澡 get a lot out of:从中得到很多。 be available to :可被……利用或得到的 happier:adj. 感到(或显得)快乐的, 高兴的, 给予(或带来)快乐的, 使人高兴的
参考资料:
1、https://max.book118.com/html/2021/0321/5324324104003201.shtm
2、https://wenku.baidu.com/view/1d96da846e1aff00bed5b9f3f90f76c661374cb2.html